GLP-1
GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) is a gut hormone that stimulates insulin release, curbs appetite and slows stomach emptying. Medicines that mimic it, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, are used for diabetes and obesity.
GLP-1 at a glance
For whom
People with overweight or obesity, and people with type 2 diabetes, by prescription and under a doctor's supervision.
Not for whom
Not meant for cosmetic weight loss without a medical reason. Be cautious with severe gastrointestinal problems or a history of pancreatitis; consult your doctor.
In practice
Weekly injection (semaglutide, tirzepatide) or a daily pill, at an increasing dose. Always by prescription.
Key caveats
Works while you take it; weight often returns after stopping. Side effects are mainly nausea and gut complaints. Combine with diet and exercise to preserve muscle mass.
Known
Not yet
What popular health podcasts claimed about GLP-1, checked against the research.