Joe Rogan

Two of the four components are solidly supported. Strength training and adequate protein intake demonstrably slow the loss of muscle mass and strength over the years. Hormone therapy is only helpful in cases of a confirmed deficiency and even then carries its own risks; as a general anti-ageing treatment it is not supported by evidence. Peptides have not been studied in humans. The combination therefore sounds more powerful than the evidence behind it.

It depends entirely on which peptides you are referring to. Peptides are an enormous group, and some are proven medicines, such as insulin and GLP-1 drugs. The peptides typically meant in this context, such as BPC-157 and TB-500 for recovery and inflammation, have only been studied in animals. There is no sound research in humans, and they have not been approved as medicines.

This is correct, and the reason is that you breathe hard. While running, you inhale several times more air than at rest, and therefore several times more fine particles as well. Brakes and tyres are an underestimated source of these particles, as they wear down even in electric vehicles. That said, exercising despite the air quality in Dutch cities still outweighs the harm: where possible, choose a route away from main roads and avoid rush hour.

Correct: hemp seeds contain all essential amino acids. One caveat: the proportions, especially lysine and leucine, are less favorable than in animal protein, so varying your sources remains wise.

Well documented: repeated head trauma in contact sports is linked to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), demonstrated in brain research on deceased combat sports athletes and football players.

Exercise and combat sports are associated with better mental health, and small studies in young people observe less aggression. However, the specific jiu-jitsu effect is thinly researched; this is mainly plausible experience.

Hyperbaric oxygen is proven effective for specific indications such as certain poorly healing wounds and carbon monoxide poisoning. As a general healing accelerator for healthy people it is not supported by evidence.

It is not that simple: cancer cells can also run on other fuels, and fasting as a cancer treatment has not been proven. Serious research into fasting around chemotherapy is ongoing, but that is different from 'starving out' cancer. → Can fasting really rejuvenate your cells?

Autophagy demonstrably increases during fasting, especially in animal and cell studies. However, 'the body clears out bad cells' is bolder than what has actually been measured in humans; there the evidence is indirect. → Can fasting really rejuvenate your cells?

Correct at its core: in ketosis the metabolism shifts toward fat and meta-analyses observe reduced hunger. Whether that is healthier in the long run is a separate question. → Is a low-carbohydrate or ketogenic diet good for longevity?

That keto suppresses appetite is well documented; the neat story about blood sugar spikes as the sole cause of food cravings is simpler than the actual physiology. → Is a low-carbohydrate or ketogenic diet good for longevity?

Registry studies observed an increased risk of the rare eye condition NAION among GLP-1 users, and drug authorities are investigating. The absolute risk is small and causality has not been established; this is a reason for alertness, not a reason to stop without consultation. → Do GLP-1 medications (such as Ozempic) help you age more healthily?

There are serious reports and registry studies linking DHT inhibitors to depressive symptoms, and package inserts warn about this. However, how often it occurs and whether it is causal is disputed. Vigilance is justified, panic is not.

There are lab studies and observational indications that PDE5 inhibitors influence the immune environment around tumors, but there is no treatment evidence in humans. A research line worth following.

Mechanistically not unreasonable (vasodilation around the follicle), but the evidence consists of small and indirect studies. It is not a proven hair growth treatment.

Hair follicle-like structures have been grown from stem cells in the lab, but a working transplantation in humans does not yet exist; clinical studies have yet to begin.

Animal research into rejuvenating molecules on the skin is just getting started; accelerated wound healing in mice says nothing yet about humans.

Mouse research, elegant but early. Whether resetting brain cells could ever be done safely in humans, and what effect it would have, remains completely open.

This is correct at the cellular level: partial reprogramming with Yamanaka factors demonstrably rejuvenates human cells in the lab. One caveat: the step from a petri dish to a safe therapy is enormous and does not yet exist. → How reliable are epigenetic clocks for measuring your biological age?

Well supported: DNA methylation forms the basis of epigenetic clocks, which predict health risks better than your calendar age, and lifestyle measurably shifts the result. → How reliable are epigenetic clocks for measuring your biological age?