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Menopause

Menopause is the life stage when the ovaries stop working and hormone levels fall. The transition before it (perimenopause) often causes symptoms such as hot flushes, sleep problems and mood swings.

Menopause at a glance

WhatHormonal transition phase
SymptomsHot flushes, sleep, mood
Hormone therapySafe and worthwhile for manyStrong
Long termHeart and bones
186 studies28 answersupdated Nov 2026
Evidence per claim
Hormone therapy is safe and worthwhile for many women
View evidence →
Strong
Menopause affects heart and bones over time
View evidence →
Strong
A wide range of symptoms is normal
View evidence →
Strong
Several interventions ease hot flushes
View evidence →
Strong
Practical use

For whom

Women in perimenopause and menopause with symptoms or questions about the long term.

Not for whom

Symptoms are not a sign of weakness or illness; they belong to this phase and are treatable.

In practice

Discuss hormone therapy and lifestyle with your doctor; pay extra attention to bones and cardiovascular risk.

Key caveats

Hormone therapy has pros and cons that differ per woman; tailor it with your doctor.

What we know, and don't

Known

Hormone therapy is safe and worthwhile for many
Menopause speeds up bone loss
Symptoms are treatable

Not yet

The best approach per individual
The ideal duration of hormone therapy
How much supplements add
Common misconceptions
"Hormone therapy is dangerous."
Incomplete. For many women it is safe and worthwhile; it depends on your situation.Strong evidence
"You just have to sit out menopause symptoms."
False. There are effective treatments; you do not have to suffer through it.Moderate evidence
Latest news on menopause
Doctors want women's heart care from first period to after menopause27 OctBlood proteins at menopause may flag later brain aging17 OctMenopause hormones as a path to healthy aging2 OctBones after menopause: 5 ways to prevent fractures17 SepFemale organs age at their own pace, and menopause is the turning point3 May
Heard on podcasts

What popular health podcasts claimed about menopause, checked against the research.

Dr. Mindy PelzPartly
“When oestrogen levels drop during menopause, the body's natural creatine stores also decline.”
What the research says →
Dr. Mindy Pelz · Dr. Ben BikmanPartly
“After menopause, the female brain becomes more insulin resistant due to the loss of oestrogen.”
What the research says →
Dr. Mindy PelzPartly
“Eating two to three portions of wild oily fish per week can relieve hot flushes and mood swings during menopause.”
What the research says →
Menopause: what's new, and what holds up

We follow the latest research on menopause and listen to leading health podcasts, and we check what they claim. You'll get one email on Thursdays with what matters, and only when there's something new.

You can add more topics later, such as exercise or sleep.

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