Skin

Berberine patches show interesting results in laboratory and animal research for wounds, eczema, psoriasis and joint…

Snail mucus shows potential in small and preliminary studies for hydration, anti-ageing and wound healing, but large clinical…

Omega-3 offers some protection against the sunburn response, but the effect is limited and no proven protective dose is known.…

Petroleum jelly genuinely works as a sealing layer that reduces moisture loss, but for structurally dry skin or barrier repair…

Skin cycling as a method has never been clinically tested, so it cannot be said to work better than a regular routine. If you…

PRP injections produce a modest, likely genuine improvement in skin texture and elasticity, but do not work for everything…

For eyelid inflammation and dark circles there are small positive studies, but the evidence is too thin for firm conclusions.…

There is no scientific evidence that beef tallow is effective for the skin in cases of acne, eczema or psoriasis. The online…

Both gua sha and electrical devices show measurable effects on skin ageing in small studies, but they work in different ways:…

GHK-Cu shows positive effects on collagen and skin in the lab, but clinical evidence in humans is absent. Do not expect too…

Snail mucin shows promising effects in laboratory and cell studies, but clinical evidence in humans is still largely absent.…

There are preliminary indications that exosomes may do something for the skin, but the clinical evidence is very thin: one…

There are cautious indications that polynucleotide injections may improve the skin around the eyes, but well-controlled…

There is positive evidence from multiple small human studies that 100 mg of red orange extract per day reduces pigmentation…

Microneedling demonstrably works for wrinkles and acne scars, with radiofrequency microneedling being the variant with the…

Chemical peels demonstrably help against sun damage, wrinkles, and pigmentation spots, but for brown spots laser treatments…

Oral glutathione measurably raises levels in blood and cells, so it is not entirely pointless. Whether that rise also produces…

Taking hydrolysed collagen reduces wrinkles and improves hydration and elasticity, although the effects are modest and no…

Yes, your body odour changes noticeably with age: from your forties onwards your skin produces a compound that adds a greasy,…

A disrupted gut microbiome is associated with acne and eczema, although that association has not yet been proven to be cause…

Fasting and calorie restriction appear to protect the skin in animal research, but direct evidence in humans that your skin…

Smoking does not only age the outside of your skin; it damages blood vessels, protective barriers and inflammatory regulation…

Astaxanthin (3-6 mg/day) appears to give the skin some additional UV resistance, but should never replace your sunscreen: the…

Cold showers do not make your skin tighter; frequent showering can actually damage the skin barrier and cause dry skin,…

Too much retinol can irritate and damage your skin, but at a low dose and with a gradual build-up you can benefit from its…

Resveratrol in skin cream demonstrably reaches the skin and has antioxidant activity, but whether it produces any visible…

Mineral sunscreen has a favourable safety profile and tinted varieties may offer additional protection, but it is not…

Physical inactivity is associated with factors that accelerate skin ageing, and a small intervention study showed that 16…

Sunlight affects multiple hormones simultaneously: it stimulates vitamin D and beta-endorphin, suppresses melatonin, and can…

There are several indications that a healthy gut microbiome is beneficial for your skin, but how best to achieve that and…

Chronic exposure to air pollution measurably accelerates skin ageing, and the evidence for this is reasonably consistent. If…

Red light therapy measurably reduces wrinkles and skin roughness, with the strongest support coming from professional…

Dark skin ages more slowly in terms of visible sun damage, but ageing itself does not stay away: the signs are different, not…

Zinc demonstrably reduces inflamed spots, but works less well than the usual treatments such as benzoyl peroxide. It is most…

Based on the available study, nothing can be said about this. The source contains no information about pillowcases or…

For people with eczema, psoriasis or acne, multiple reviews indicate that fish oil containing EPA and DHA may reduce…

A low-fat diet is not necessarily better for your skin: the type of fat counts more than the amount, and monounsaturated fats…

Drinking coffee does not dry out your skin: the available research points rather in the opposite direction, but the studies…

Both AHA (glycolic acid) and BHA (salicylic acid) demonstrably help against acne, blemishes and, to a lesser extent, wrinkles,…

Resveratrol protects cells impressively in the lab, but whether that also works in practice for you is uncertain: the body…

Blue light from screens almost certainly causes no measurable skin aging under normal use; the doses that caused damage in…

Chronic stress accelerates the wear of your DNA protectors (telomeres) in a way that corresponds to years of extra cellular…

An LED mask or a mask containing active ingredients such as salicylic acid works measurably better than doing nothing, but the…

Urban pollution probably accelerates skin ageing, primarily through increased pigmentation spots and a weakened skin barrier.…

A higher price does not make a face cream more effective or safer. It is better to pay attention to the ingredient list than…

Your skin gets used to the side effects of retinol, such as flaking and redness, but not to the effect itself; the active…

Peptides in creams have a plausible mechanism on paper, but clinical evidence for topical use is thin. If you want to do…

Menopause noticeably accelerates the loss of collagen, moisture retention and skin thickness, but spots and skin cancer are…

Your skin thins at two levels with age: that is well established. Retinoid creams have the most support if you want to slow…

A night cream improves hydration and, with consistent use, can also have a visible effect on wrinkles, pores, and skin tone.…

It has not been proven that skin as an organ naturally ages faster than your internal organs, but it is more vulnerable to sun…

SPF 100+ protects better than SPF 50+ in genuinely sunny conditions, but always check the UVA label on the packaging as well,…

Repeated facial expressions probably contribute to wrinkle formation, but sunlight is the best-documented factor. Sun…

Bakuchiol appears to target skin aging through biological pathways similar to those of retinol and is clearly gentler on the…

Sleep deprivation demonstrably worsens your hydration, elasticity, and wrinkles, after as little as one poor night. Aim for…

Too much sun damages your DNA in a way that can demonstrably lead to skin cancer; sun protection and monitoring medication use…

There is no firm evidence that creatine causes hair loss, but the studies are small and partly industry-funded. If you have a…

Rapamycin shows interesting effects on pigmentation in the lab and in a rare hereditary disease, but there is no evidence…

Topical rapamycin showed promising signs for skin ageing in a small study, but the evidence is still too thin to justify…

For joint pain, particularly in knee osteoarthritis and active athletes, oral collagen (approximately 10 grams per day) has a…

Years of sun exposure is the clearest cause of age spots. Consistent sun protection is the smartest prevention; for existing…

Sun damage can be partially repaired: prescription tretinoin cream has the strongest evidence base, but consistent sunscreen…

Niacinamide cream (5%) demonstrably improves ageing skin and skin tone, and is safe to use. For people with a history of skin…

Drinking extra water barely helps against wrinkles and improves skin moisture only slightly, particularly in people who were…

Tanning beds genuinely cause skin cancer: the evidence is causal and strong. Short, regular sun exposure is beneficial for…

The biological mechanism is rock solid: chronically high blood sugar levels accelerate the breakdown of collagen and elastin…

Hyaluronic acid on your skin genuinely helps against dryness. Injections work most powerfully against wrinkles. A pill or…

Vitamin C serums likely reduce pigmentation spots and early signs of ageing, but the studies are too small or lack control…

Smoking demonstrably accelerates skin ageing through oxidative stress and inflammation. There are indications for alcohol, but…

Retinol (and tretinoin in particular) has a far stronger clinical evidence base than vitamin C. Vitamin C may be a useful…

Using sunscreen daily is the best-supported way to slow skin ageing, supplemented by not smoking, moderate alcohol consumption…

Whether collagen supplements genuinely work against skin ageing is contested: independent research of higher quality shows no…

Retinol demonstrably works against wrinkles and improves skin texture, although tretinoin is more potent for those who can or…

Using broad-spectrum sunscreen daily demonstrably slows sun-induced skin ageing; anyone with concerns about chemical filters…